The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes are therefore subject to the principle of conservation of energy. This means that heat energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can, however, be transferred from one location to another and converted to and from other forms of energy.
Internal energy
Application of the First Law
Heat engines
The most common practical application of the First Law is the heat engine. Heat engines convert thermal energy and this heat energy is utilized converting it mechanical energy
Stirling engine
A Stirling engine is a heat engine that operates by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas (the working fluid) at different temperatures, such that there is a net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work.
Stirling engine
A Stirling engine is a heat engine that operates by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas (the working fluid) at different temperatures, such that there is a net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work.
Refrigerators and air conditioners
Air conditioners and Refrigerators don’t actually produce cold
The working principle of a refrigerator and air conditioner is very simple: it involves the removal of heat
Heat pumps
A heat pump is simply an air conditioner that is working in reverse.
When it's cold outside a heat pump extracts this outside heat and transfers it inside. When it's warm outside, it reverses directions and acts like an air conditioner, removing heat from your home. One advantage of a heat pump is that it moves heat instead of generating heat, giving you more energy efficiency.
We can also discuss the Second law of thermodynamics using this application
The second law of thermodynamics states that heat can only flow from hotter to something cooler
Air conditioner and heat pump follow the similar law of thermodynamics.
The heat pump absorbs heat from the atmosphere and supplies it to the room which is cooler in winters.
The air conditioner removes heat from the room and maintains it at a lower temperature by throwing the absorbed heat into the atmosphere.
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